What standards must thermal solar water heaters comply with?

Thermal solar water heaters must comply with specific standards to ensure safety and reliability in their design and operation. The correct standards for thermal solar water heaters are UL 174 and UL 1453.

UL 174 pertains to the safety of solar water heating systems, addressing aspects such as construction, performance, and labeling. This standard ensures that solar thermal systems operate safely and efficiently, minimizing risks associated with their installation and use.

UL 1453 focuses on the safety of electrically heated water supplies, which can be integral to thermal solar systems especially when auxiliary heating is involved. Compliance with both UL 174 and UL 1453 allows manufacturers to demonstrate that their products meet necessary safety criteria, thus giving consumers confidence in their performance and dependability.

In contrast, the other options refer to standards that are not applicable to thermal solar water heaters, focusing instead on different technologies or systems related to heating or energy management, hence why they do not address the specific requirements for thermal solar applications.